Discovery of fairy circles in Australia supports self-organization theory
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Gradual regime shifts in fairy circles.
Large responses of ecosystems to small changes in the conditions--regime shifts--are of great interest and importance. In spatially extended ecosystems, these shifts may be local or global. Using empirical data and mathematical modeling, we investigated the dynamics of the Namibian fairy circle ecosystem as a case study of regime shifts in a pattern-forming ecosystem. Our results provide new su...
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شبکه خود سازمانده پرکاربردترین شبکه عصبی برای انجام خوشه بندی و کوانتیزه نمودن برداری است. از زمان معرفی این شبکه تاکنون، از این روش در مسائل مختلف در حوزه های گوناگون استفاده و توسعه ها و بهبودهای متعددی برای آن ارائه شده است. شبکه خودسازمانده از تعدادی سلول برای تخمین تابع توزیع الگوهای ورودی در فضای چندبعدی استفاده می کند. احتمال وجود سلول مرده مشکلی اساسی در الگوریتم شبکه خودسازمانده به حسا...
The Life Cycle and Life Span of Namibian Fairy Circles
In Namibia of southwestern Africa, the sparse grasslands that develop on deep sandy soils under rainfall between 50 and 100 mm per annum are punctuated by thousands of quasi-circular bare spots, usually surrounded by a ring of taller grass. The causes of these so-called "fairy circles" are unknown, although a number of hypotheses have been proposed. This paper provides a more complete descripti...
متن کاملAre Namibian “Fairy Circles” the Consequence of Self-Organizing Spatial Vegetation Patterning?
Causes of over-dispersed barren "fairy circles" that are often surrounded by ca. 0.5 m tall peripheral grasses in a matrix of shorter (ca. 0.2 m tall) grasses in Namibian grasslands remain mysterious. It was hypothesized that the fairy circles are the consequence of self-organizing spatial vegetation patterning arising from resource competition and facilitation. We examined the edaphic properti...
متن کاملExperiments Testing the Causes of Namibian Fairy Circles
The grasslands on the sandy soils of the eastern edge of the Namib Desert of Namibia are strikingly punctuated by millions of mostly regularly-spaced circular bare spots 2 to 10 m or more in diameter, generally with a margin of taller grasses. The causes of these so called fairy circles are unknown, but several hypotheses have been advanced. In October 2009, we set up experiments that specifica...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
سال: 2016
ISSN: 0027-8424,1091-6490
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1522130113